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Triangle of Pascal
In the simplest triangle of Pascal, the diagonals form the coefficients of the binomial theorem.
Explanation
A number arises from the sum of the number above and to the left. You can see it in 2 = 1 + 1.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 3 6 10 1 4 10 1 5 1