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Non-Euclidean geometry
Geometry that works with issues that are not directly observable or not intuitive understandable is referred to as non-Euclidean geometry.
Explanation
Euclidean geometry is named after the ancient Greek Euclid, who described the geometry that we see around us. It consists of points, lines, planes, triangles, circles, arcs, cubes, spheres, cylinders, etc. The mathematical rules that are used for this are described in axioms.
The rules of non-Euclidean geometry are also described in the axioms. The exception is that the axiom of parallels is defined differently. There may be an infinite number of parallels or there may be no parallels at all. Using the resulting mathematical rules that emerge, you can make calculations for physical phenomena that cannot be logically explained.
HistoryIn mathematics the rules (axioms, postulates, etc.) must be logical and consistent. But there are things that we cannot imagine and where we want to perform calculations. Like, how big is infinity, how long lasts forever, and how much is nothing? By using non-Euclidean geometry, Albert Einstein was able to work out the theory of relativity. The Italian mathematician Eugenio Beltrami (1835 - 1900) was the first to prove that non-Euclidean geometry is consistent. Quantum mechanics is not possible without this. |